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社区首页 >问答首页 >平滑的SDL2精灵运动

平滑的SDL2精灵运动
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Stack Overflow用户
提问于 2020-07-08 23:32:13
回答 1查看 1.3K关注 0票数 2

我制造了一个视差效应的场景。我不能让精灵沿着X轴平稳运动。问题是,无论我使用的是SDL_RenderCopyF还是SDL_RenderCopy,sprite都是根据监视器的像素网格慢慢移动,伴随着抖动效应,当有很多层时,每个人都以不同的速度移动。

我的问题类似于时间函数中点间的SDL2平滑纹理动画,但是有一个版本的SDL2不支持浮点渲染,所以作者不得不对它进行修补。从2.0.10.0版本开始,SDL_RenderCopyFSDL_FRect和其他函数已经添加到SDL中,您可以使用这些函数实现亚像素移动精灵,但我无法让它们在我的场景中工作。

FullHD分辨率有10层。呈现发生在FullHD窗口中。

窗口和呈现初始化代码:

代码语言:javascript
复制
void CreateWidnow()
{
    var windowFlags = Settings.Fullscreen ?
        SDL.SDL_WindowFlags.SDL_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN : Settings.Resizeble ? 
        SDL.SDL_WindowFlags.SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE : SDL.SDL_WindowFlags.SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN;
        
    renderWindow = SDL.SDL_CreateWindow(
        Settings.DebugMode ? $"{Settings.Title} [DEBUG]" : Settings.Title, SDL.SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, 
        SDL.SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
        Settings.Resolution.Width,
        Settings.Resolution.Height,              
        windowFlags);
}

void CreateRenderer()
{
    if(Settings.VSinc) {
        renderer = SDL.SDL_CreateRenderer(
            renderWindow, -1, 
            SDL.SDL_RendererFlags.SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC |
            SDL.SDL_RendererFlags.SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED |
            SDL.SDL_RendererFlags.SDL_RENDERER_TARGETTEXTURE
        );
    }
    else
    {
        renderer = SDL.SDL_CreateRenderer(
            renderWindow, -1, 
            SDL.SDL_RendererFlags.SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED |
            SDL.SDL_RendererFlags.SDL_RENDERER_TARGETTEXTURE
        );
    }   
}

deltaTime**:**计算中的主循环

代码语言:javascript
复制
void RenderLoop()
{
    bool cap = Settings.FPS > 0;
    var timer_fps = new Timer();
        
    ulong now_counter = SDL.SDL_GetPerformanceCounter();
    ulong last_counter = 0;
    double deltaTime = 0;
        
    while (renderLoop)
    {
        timer_fps.Start();
            
        last_counter = now_counter;
        now_counter = SDL.SDL_GetPerformanceCounter();
            
        deltaTime = (double)(now_counter - last_counter) / SDL.SDL_GetPerformanceFrequency();
            
        OnPreUpdate(deltaTime);
        OnUpdate(deltaTime);
        SDL.SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
        OnPostUpdate(deltaTime);
            
        if( ( cap ) && ( timer_fps.GetTicks() < 1000 / Settings.FPS ) )
        {
            SDL.SDL_Delay( ( 1000 / Settings.FPS  ) - timer_fps.GetTicks() );
        }
            
    }
}

雪碧加载和渲染代码:

代码语言:javascript
复制
public Sprite(string path)
{
    Path = path;
    Transform = new Transform(new Point(0, 0));
    sprite = Image.IMG_LoadTexture(Game.RenderContext, path);
    SDL.SDL_QueryTexture(sprite, out format, out access, out width, out height); // get the width and height of the texture

    draw_rect = new SDL.SDL_FRect();
    draw_rect.w = width;
    draw_rect.h = height;
    scr_rect.x = 0; scr_rect.y = 0; scr_rect.w = width; scr_rect.h = height; 
}

public Transform Transform
{
    get; set;
}

public void Draw()
{
    draw_rect.x = (float)Transform.Position.X;
    draw_rect.y = (float)Transform.Position.Y;
    SDL.SDL_RenderCopyExF(Game.RenderContext, sprite, ref scr_rect, ref draw_rect, Transform.Degrees, IntPtr.Zero, SDL.SDL_RendererFlip.SDL_FLIP_NONE);
}

运动函数(Transform.Translate):

代码语言:javascript
复制
public void Translate(double x, double y)
{
    position.X += x;
    position.Y += y;
}

视差实现函数(当精灵离开屏幕时将它们移回右侧):

代码语言:javascript
复制
void layerDraw(Sprite l1, Sprite l2, double speed)
{
    l1.Transform.Translate(speed, 0);
    l1.Draw();


    l2.Transform.Translate(speed, 0);
    l2.Draw();

    if (l1.Transform.Position.X <= -Settings.Resolution.Width)
        l1.Transform.SetPosition(Settings.Resolution.Width + l2.Transform.Position.X, 0);
    if (l2.Transform.Position.X <= -Settings.Resolution.Width)
        l2.Transform.SetPosition(Settings.Resolution.Width + l1.Transform.Position.X, 0);  
    }

视差渲染功能:

代码语言:javascript
复制
double speed_09 = -2.0, speed_08 = -4.0, speed_07 = -8.0, speed_06 = -16.0;
double speed_05 = -24.0, speed_04 = -32.0, speed_03 = -64.0, speed_02 = -96.0, speed_01 = -128.0;

protected override void Update(double deltaTime)
{
    background.Draw();
    layerDraw(forest_091, forest_092, speed_09 * deltaTime);
    layerDraw(forest_081, forest_082, speed_08 * deltaTime);
    layerDraw(forest_071, forest_072, speed_07 * deltaTime);
    layerDraw(forest_061, forest_062, speed_06 * deltaTime);
    layerDraw(particles051, particles052, speed_05 * deltaTime);
    layerDraw(forest_041, forest_042, speed_04 * deltaTime);
    layerDraw(particles_031, particles_032, speed_03 * deltaTime);
    layerDraw(bushes_021, bushes_022, speed_02 * deltaTime);
    layerDraw(mist_011, mist_012, speed_01 * deltaTime);
}

将坐标输出到控制台:

代码语言:javascript
复制
[11:31:07:32] (x,y): = (1902,7461329999965:0), deltaTime = 0,001391, speed = -0,002782
[11:31:07:32] (x:y): = (1902,7430913999965:0), deltaTime = 0,0015208, speed = -0,0030416
[11:31:07:32] (x:y): = (1902,7400399999965:0), deltaTime = 0,0015257, speed = -0,0030514
[11:31:07:32] (x:y): = (1902,7370409999965:0), deltaTime = 0,0014995, speed = -0,002999
[11:31:07:32] (x:y): = (1902,7339605999964:0), deltaTime = 0,0015402, speed = -0,0030804
[11:31:07:33] (x:y): = (1902,7300727999964:0), deltaTime = 0,0019439, speed = -0,0038878
[11:31:07:33] (x:y): = (1902,7271281999963:0), deltaTime = 0,0014723, speed = -0,0029446
[11:31:07:33] (x:y): = (1902,7241953999962:0), deltaTime = 0,0014664, speed = -0,0029328
[11:31:07:33] (x:y): = (1902,7212207999962:0), deltaTime = 0,0014873, speed = -0,0029746
[11:31:07:33] (x:y): = (1902,7181395999962:0), deltaTime = 0,0015406, speed = -0,0030812
[11:31:07:33] (x:y): = (1902,715346599996:0), deltaTime = 0,0013965, speed = -0,002793
[11:31:07:33] (x:y): = (1902,712221399996:0), deltaTime = 0,0015626, speed = -0,0031252
[11:31:07:34] (x:y): = (1902,709382799996:0), deltaTime = 0,0014193, speed = -0,0028386

链接到youtube并演示问题ы

我使用nectcore3.1,SDL2-CSиSDL2 v2.0.10.0

UPD: log deltaTime计算:

代码语言:javascript
复制
[08:48:34:25] now_counter = 1097310517365, last_counter = 1097310516099, now_counter-last_counter = 1266
[08:48:34:25] now_counter = 1097310519141, last_counter = 1097310517365, now_counter-last_counter = 1776
[08:48:34:25] now_counter = 1097310521406, last_counter = 1097310519141, now_counter-last_counter = 2265
[08:48:34:25] now_counter = 1097310532746, last_counter = 1097310521406, now_counter-last_counter = 11340
[08:48:34:25] now_counter = 1097310534069, last_counter = 1097310532746, now_counter-last_counter = 1323
[08:48:34:25] now_counter = 1097310535356, last_counter = 1097310534069, now_counter-last_counter = 1287
[08:48:34:25] now_counter = 1097310536628, last_counter = 1097310535356, now_counter-last_counter = 1272
[08:48:34:25] now_counter = 1097310537897, last_counter = 1097310536628, now_counter-last_counter = 1269
[08:48:34:25] now_counter = 1097310539169, last_counter = 1097310537897, now_counter-last_counter = 1272
[08:48:34:25] now_counter = 1097310540441, last_counter = 1097310539169, now_counter-last_counter = 1272`
EN

回答 1

Stack Overflow用户

回答已采纳

发布于 2020-07-13 13:39:21

感谢凯尔塔给出的答案和花费的时间。事实上,我花了很长时间来解决这个问题,并且真诚地不明白为什么即使在SDL2中增加了绘制浮点精灵的能力,他们仍然根据监视器的像素网格来画我。

好消息是: deltaTime计算正确,当将坐标传递给SDL呈现时,不存在舍入双值的问题!

坏消息:解决方案太简单了,花不了几天时间。

SDL.SDL_SetHint (SDL.SDL_HINT_RENDER_SCALE_QUALITY, "2");

这一行告诉SDL2在渲染精灵时使用Anisatropic过滤。它使我的动画流畅流畅。

票数 2
EN
页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/62805156

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