我想知道为什么当我通过按钮调用SavePVParms、Close和ApplyGraph方法时没有定义它们。我知道如果我把它们放到__init__中,它们就会工作,我的问题就解决了,但我不明白为什么它不能这样工作。我试着寻找这个问题,找到了这个Python Class: Global/Local variable name not defined和这个Python says global name not defined,但如果我不能理解那里的答案,请原谅。你能告诉我为什么吗?背景:这个类是一个顶层窗口,当我按下根窗口中的一个按钮时就会弹出(这里我只是直接向你们展示顶层窗口)。当我保存它(还没有实现)时,它应该传递一个包含所有条目的字典。**另外(但如果你不想回答,就不需要回答)这是OOP中足够的编码风格吗?(不到一周学习tkinter,并从前身的python迁移到OOP python)。
import Tkinter as tk
import ttk
class PVDialog(tk.Toplevel):
def SavePVParms(self):
print "saved"
self.destroy()
def Close(self):
self.destroy()
def ApplyGraph(self):
print 'applied'
def __init__(self, parent):
tk.Toplevel.__init__(self, parent)
print parent
self.title('PV Parameters Configuration')
self.geometry('800x480')
self.resizable(width=False, height=False)
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(1, weight=8)
self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rowconfigure(1, weight=2)
# ====== FRAMES =======
lb1Frame = tk.LabelFrame(self, text='Electric Properties')
lb1Frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='ewns', pady=(15, 2), padx=(30,10))
AdvFrame = tk.LabelFrame(self, text='Thermal Properties')
AdvFrame.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='ewns', pady=5, padx=(30,10))
pcurveFrame = tk.LabelFrame(self, text='PV Curves')
pcurveFrame.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='ewns', padx=(0,30), pady=(15,5),rowspan=2)
ctrlFrame = tk.Frame(self)
ctrlFrame.grid(row=2, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky='ens', padx=20, pady=(2, 20))
# ======== PARAMETER INPUT DATA FRAME ============= #
labelName = tk.Label(lb1Frame, text='Name', anchor='w')
labelCellType = tk.Label(lb1Frame, text='Cell Type', anchor='w')
labelPower = tk.Label(lb1Frame, text='Rated Power [W]', anchor='w')
labelOV = tk.Label(lb1Frame, text='Open Voltage [V]', anchor='w')
labelSCC = tk.Label(lb1Frame, text='Short-circuit Current [A]', anchor='w')
labelMPC = tk.Label(lb1Frame, text='Maximum Point Current [I]', anchor='w')
labelMPV = tk.Label(lb1Frame, text="Maximum point Voltage [V]", anchor='w')
labelSeries = tk.Label(lb1Frame, text='Cells in series', anchor='w')
labelPallel = tk.Label(lb1Frame, text='Cells in parallel', anchor='w')
labelNOCT = tk.Label(AdvFrame, text='NOCT', anchor='w')
labelThC = tk.Label(AdvFrame, text='Current T factor [%/K]', anchor='w')
labelThV = tk.Label(AdvFrame, text='Voltage T factor [%/K]', anchor='w')
labelThP = tk.Label(AdvFrame, text='Power T factor [%/K]', anchor='w')
labelName.grid(row=0, sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
labelCellType.grid(row=1, sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
labelPower.grid(row=2, sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
labelOV.grid(row=3, sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
labelSCC.grid(row=4, sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
labelMPC.grid(row=5, sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
labelMPV.grid(row=6, sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
labelSeries.grid(row=7, sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
labelPallel.grid(row=8, sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
labelNOCT.grid(row=9 , sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
labelThC.grid(row=10, sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
labelThV.grid(row=11, sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
labelThP.grid(row=12, sticky='ew', padx=10, pady=2)
entryName = ttk.Entry(lb1Frame, show='Default')
entryCellType = ttk.Combobox(lb1Frame)
entryPower = ttk.Entry(lb1Frame)
entryOV = ttk.Entry(lb1Frame)
entrySCC = ttk.Entry(lb1Frame)
entryMPC = ttk.Entry(lb1Frame)
entryMPV = ttk.Entry(lb1Frame)
entrySeries = ttk.Entry(lb1Frame)
entryPallel = ttk.Entry(lb1Frame)
entryNOCT = ttk.Entry(AdvFrame, width=23)
entryThC = ttk.Entry(AdvFrame, width=23)
entryThV = ttk.Entry(AdvFrame, width=23)
entryThP = ttk.Entry(AdvFrame, width=23)
entryName.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='ew')
entryCellType.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='ew')
entryPower.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky='ew')
entryOV.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky='ew')
entrySCC.grid(row=4, column=1, sticky='ew')
entryMPC.grid(row=5, column=1, sticky='ew')
entryMPV.grid(row=6, column=1, sticky='ew')
entrySeries.grid(row=7, column=1, sticky='ew')
entryPallel.grid(row=8, column=1, sticky='ew')
entryNOCT.grid(row=9, column=1, sticky='w', padx=(26,0))
entryThC.grid(row=10, column=1, sticky='w', padx=(26,0))
entryThV.grid(row=11, column=1, sticky='w', padx=(26,0))
entryThP.grid(row=12, column=1, sticky='w', padx=(26,0))
# ==== BUTTON COMANDS ======
saveBttn = ttk.Button(ctrlFrame, text='Save', command=SavePVParms)
closBttn = ttk.Button(ctrlFrame, text='Cancel', command=Close)
applyBttn = ttk.Button(ctrlFrame, text='Apply', command=ApplyGraph)
saveBttn.grid()
closBttn.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10)
applyBttn.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=(0, 10))
# ======== RUNNIG THE CLIENT ============
root = tk.Tk()
dialog = PVDialog(root)
root.mainloop()更新:当我准备提交这个问题时,我想起__init__是在类中读取和执行的第一件事,所以这就是为什么我把它们放在__init__中来定义它们的原因。我仍然不明白,如果它们在__init__之外,为什么python不能调用它们呢? python不能读取整个类吗?那么,我如何调用__init__之外的self.method呢?谢谢!
发布于 2017-01-13 14:30:05
SavePVParms、Close、ApplyGraph方法属于您的类,因此您需要使用self.来告诉解释器,您希望使用您的类中的方法。
saveBttn = ttk.Button(..., command=self.SavePVParms) 对于编码标准,你应该检查PEP 8,但只要你与你的风格一致,这应该不是那么重要。
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41626287
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