Git 是你的安全网。将提交视为保存点，将分支视为沙盒，将历史视为文档。随着 AI 代理以高速生成代码，规范的版本控制是保持变更可管理、可审查和可逆的机制。

始终如此。每次代码更改都通过 git 流转。

保持 main 分支始终可部署。在生命周期短的功能分支上工作，这些分支会在 1-3 天内合并回主分支。长期开发分支是隐藏成本——它们会出现分歧，产生合并冲突，并延迟集成。DORA 的研究一再表明，以主干为基础的开发与高绩效工程团队相关。

main ──●──●──●──●──●──●──●──●──●──  (always deployable)
        ╲      ╱  ╲    ╱
         ●──●─╱    ●──╱    ← short-lived feature branches (1-3 days)

这是推荐的默认设置。使用 gitflow 或长期分支的团队可以将原则（原子提交、小的更改、描述性信息）应用到他们的分支模型中——提交纪律比具体的分支策略更重要。

每一次成功的增量都有其自己的提交。不要积累大量未提交的更改。

Work pattern:
  Implement slice → Test → Verify → Commit → Next slice

Not this:
  Implement everything → Hope it works → Giant commit

提交就是保存点。如果下一个更改破坏了某些东西，你可以立即恢复到上一个已知的良好状态。

每次提交都做一件逻辑上的事情：

# Good: Each commit is self-contained
git log --oneline
a1b2c3d Add task creation endpoint with validation
d4e5f6g Add task creation form component
h7i8j9k Connect form to API and add loading state
m1n2o3p Add task creation tests (unit + integration)

# Bad: Everything mixed together
git log --oneline
x1y2z3a Add task feature, fix sidebar, update deps, refactor utils

提交消息解释的是原因，而不仅仅是内容：

# Good: Explains intent
feat: add email validation to registration endpoint

Prevents invalid email formats from reaching the database.
Uses Zod schema validation at the route handler level,
consistent with existing validation patterns in auth.ts.

# Bad: Describes what's obvious from the diff
update auth.ts

不要将格式更改与行为更改组合在一起。不要将重构与新功能组合在一起。每种类型的更改都应该是单独的提交——最好是单独的拉取请求：

# Good: Separate concerns
git commit -m "refactor: extract validation logic to shared utility"
git commit -m "feat: add phone number validation to registration"

# Bad: Mixed concerns
git commit -m "refactor validation and add phone number field"

将重构与功能开发分开。 重构更改和功能更改是两种不同的更改——请分别提交它们。这使得每个更改更容易审核、回滚和在历史记录中理解。小的清理工作（如重命名变量）可以根据审阅者的判断包含在功能提交中。

每次提交/合并请求的目标大约 100 行。超过约 1000 行的更改应拆分。有关如何拆分大规模更改，请参阅 code-review-and-quality 中的拆分策略。

~100 lines  → Easy to review, easy to revert
~300 lines  → Acceptable for a single logical change
~1000 lines → Split into smaller changes

main (always deployable)
  │
  ├── feature/task-creation    ← One feature per branch
  ├── feature/user-settings    ← Parallel work
  └── fix/duplicate-tasks      ← Bug fixes

feature/<short-description>   → feature/task-creation
fix/<short-description>       → fix/duplicate-tasks
chore/<short-description>     → chore/update-deps
refactor/<short-description>  → refactor/auth-module

对于并行 AI 代理工作，使用 git worktrees 同时运行多个分支：

# Create a worktree for a feature branch
git worktree add ../project-feature-a feature/task-creation
git worktree add ../project-feature-b feature/user-settings

# Each worktree is a separate directory with its own branch
# Agents can work in parallel without interfering
ls ../
  project/              ← main branch
  project-feature-a/    ← task-creation branch
  project-feature-b/    ← user-settings branch

# When done, merge and clean up
git worktree remove ../project-feature-a

Agent starts work
    │
    ├── Makes a change
    │   ├── Test passes? → Commit → Continue
    │   └── Test fails? → Revert to last commit → Investigate
    │
    ├── Makes another change
    │   ├── Test passes? → Commit → Continue
    │   └── Test fails? → Revert to last commit → Investigate
    │
    └── Feature complete → All commits form a clean history

这种模式意味着你永远不会失去超过一个工作增量。如果代理出问题，git reset --hard HEAD 会把你带回到上一个成功的状态。

在任何修改之后，提供一个结构化的总结。这可以使审查更容易，记录范围的规范，并揭示意外的更改：

CHANGES MADE:
- src/routes/tasks.ts: Added validation middleware to POST endpoint
- src/lib/validation.ts: Added TaskCreateSchema using Zod

THINGS I DIDN'T TOUCH (intentionally):
- src/routes/auth.ts: Has similar validation gap but out of scope
- src/middleware/error.ts: Error format could be improved (separate task)

POTENTIAL CONCERNS:
- The Zod schema is strict — rejects extra fields. Confirm this is desired.
- Added zod as a dependency (72KB gzipped) — already in package.json

这种模式可以及早捕捉错误的假设，并为审阅者提供清晰的变更地图。“没动”部分尤其重要——它表明你遵守了范围纪律，没有进行未经请求的修改。

# 1. Check what you're about to commit
git diff --staged

# 2. Ensure no secrets
git diff --staged | grep -i "password\|secret\|api_key\|token"

# 3. Run tests
npm test

# 4. Run linting
npm run lint

# 5. Run type checking
npx tsc --noEmit

// package.json (using lint-staged + husky)
{
  "lint-staged": {
    "*.{ts,tsx}": ["eslint --fix", "prettier --write"],
    "*.{json,md}": ["prettier --write"]
  }
}

# Find which commit introduced a bug
git bisect start
git bisect bad HEAD
git bisect good <known-good-commit>
# Git checkouts midpoints; run your test at each to narrow down

# View what changed recently
git log --oneline -20
git diff HEAD~5..HEAD -- src/

# Find who last changed a specific line
git blame src/services/task.ts

# Search commit messages for a keyword
git log --grep="validation" --oneline

"I'll commit when the feature is done" One giant commit is impossible to review, debug, or revert. Commit each slice.

"The message doesn't matter" Messages are documentation. Future you (and future agents) will need to understand what changed and why.

"I'll squash it all later" Squashing destroys the development narrative. Prefer clean incremental commits from the start.

"Branches add overhead" Short-lived branches are free and prevent conflicting work from colliding. Long-lived branches are the problem — merge within 1-3 days.

"I'll split this change later" Large changes are harder to review, riskier to deploy, and harder to revert. Split before submitting, not after.

"I don't need a .gitignore" Until .env with production secrets gets committed. Set it up immediately.

来源说明：本文内容整理自开源项目 agentic-awesome-skills（中文翻译版），遵循 CC BY 4.0（知识共享署名 4.0 国际）许可协议，此处作为中文资料整理分享，版权归原作者所有。

Git Workflow And Versioning 实用指南

Structures git workflow practices. Use when making any code change. Use when committing, branching, resolving conflicts, or when you need to organize work across multiple parallel streams.

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Git Workflow And Versioning 实用指南

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