Spring自定义注解常用元素

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发布于 2021-12-07 16:36:16

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@Target

作用：声明自定义的一个新注解，其ElementType属性表示自定义注解的作用范围。

类、接口、枚举、Annotation类型）、类型成员（方法、构造方法、成员变量、枚举值）、方法参数和本地变量（如循环变量、catch参数）

public enum ElementType {
    /** Class, interface (including annotation type), or enum declaration */
    TYPE,

    /** Field declaration (includes enum constants) */
    FIELD,

    /** Method declaration */
    METHOD,

    /** Formal parameter declaration */
    PARAMETER,

    /** Constructor declaration */
    CONSTRUCTOR,

    /** Local variable declaration */
    LOCAL_VARIABLE,

    /** Annotation type declaration */
    ANNOTATION_TYPE,

    /** Package declaration */
    PACKAGE,

    /**
     * Type parameter declaration
     *
     * @since 1.8
     */
    TYPE_PARAMETER,

    /**
     * Use of a type
     *
     * @since 1.8
     */
    TYPE_USE,

    /**
     * Module declaration.
     *
     * @since 9
     */
    MODULE
}

@Retention

作用：声明自定义注解保留阶段，或可理解为有效作用期。

作用类型：源代码级别保留,编译时就会被忽略编译时被保留,在class文件中存在,但JVM将会忽略运行时被JVM或其他使用反射机制的代码所读取和使用

public enum RetentionPolicy {
    /**
     * Annotations are to be discarded by the compiler.
     */
    SOURCE,

    /**
     * Annotations are to be recorded in the class file by the compiler
     * but need not be retained by the VM at run time.  This is the default
     * behavior.
     */
    CLASS,

    /**
     * Annotations are to be recorded in the class file by the compiler and
     * retained by the VM at run time, so they may be read reflectively.
     *
     * @see java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement
     */
    RUNTIME
}